the term that identifies shantytowns in Brazil, originates from poverty settlements in Rio de Janeiro and is derived from a type of bush that is abundant in the semiarid Canudos Entries A–F 841 area in the northern state of Bahia. Rio’s favelas coincide with the occupation of the Santo Antônio and Providência hills (morros ) in the city center. In 1897, soldiers who returned from the Canudos War—a military campaign in the northeastern region of Brazil— received permission to temporarily settle on these sites, where they built shacks of cardboard and wood. Morro da Providência received the name Morro da Favela (favela hill) in reference to the previously mentioned bush. In 1904, 100 houses existed, and by 1933 the number had grown to 1500. By the 1920s, favelas had spread to other hills of the city: Morro dos Telégrafos, Mangueira; Morro de São Carlos, Vila Rica (Copacabana area); Pasmado (Botafogo); and Babilônia (Leme). This expansion even reached the city suburbs. The growth of favel...