In the 20th century architectural classicism continued in its centuries-old custom (traditional classicism) and also was appropriated by those who abstracted its principles in the modern effort for an ahistorical architecture (early modernism). Among those extending the classical tradition, the terms class ical and traditional have been used as if interchangeable. However, most would use traditional as the more inclusive term referring to premodernist architectural habits in various cultures and societies around the world. Many would describe class icism as including a more specific species of traditional architecture drawing from the Western tradition of building. The contrast in how traditional classicism was employed in the 20th century may be witnessed in the work of architects as apparently dissimilar as Walter Gropius and Paul Encyclopedia of 20th-century architecture 508 Philippe Cret, both of whom utilized such fundamentals as bilateral symmetry, axes and cross axes as organizi...