Architectural expression of the southern subcontinent and eastern seaboard of Africa in the 20th century resonates with broader international concerns. In the first half of the century, before decolonization, the regional styling was a direct reflection of that of the European colonial powers—an embodiment of empire and what architecturally might appropriately reflect statehood and civic order. After World War II, postcolonial Africa engaged the international architectural debate. At the turn of the 20th century, the so-called scramble for Africa by the European nations had created the geography of the continent, the larger portion of which bore the pink mapping that demarcated the British Empire. The southeast and south-west seaboards were flanked by Portuguese East and West Africa (since 1974, Mozambique and Angola, respectively), which were at that time administered as provinces and not nations, and German South West (to the south) and East Africa (to the north), now Namibia (1992) ...