Although Chicago architecture has, within modernist architectural histories, been conflated with the “Chicago School,” a term borrowed from literary criticism and applied to the distinctive residential work of Louis Sullivan, Frank Lloyd Wright, and their contemporaries, Chicago architecture is, in fact, more diverse and less insular than the modernist Entries A–F 453 narrative suggested (Condit, Giedion, Hitchcock). Chicago School scholars’ views were popularized in publications such as Chicago’s Famous Buildin gs (1965), which asserted that “almost the whole history of what we call ‘contemporary design’ can be examined in Chicago. For Chicago is the birthplace of modern architecture” (see Siegel, 1993). More recently, however, some architectural historians have debunked the myth of the Chicago School and shown that other locales simultaneously witnessed similar design shifts. Architectural historians have studied a range of types and styles, some typically American, some more innovat...